What is the difference between one-sided and multi-sided platforms?

• A. One-sided platforms primarily serve one user group, while multi-sided platforms serve two or more interdependent groups.
• B. One-sided platforms serve two or more interdependent groups; multi-sided serve one group.
• C. One-sided platforms rely on network effects; multi-sided do not.
• D. Multi-sided platforms do not require governance.

Answer: (A)

Platforms create value by connecting participants, and the number of user groups involved is the defining difference. When the platform serves a single user group, it’s one-sided: value flows within that group, and benefits grow as more members join, benefiting everyone in that same group through same-side network effects.

If the platform serves two or more distinct, interdependent groups, it’s multi-sided. Those groups rely on each other to create value—think buyers and sellers, developers and users, or merchants and cardholders. The platform must attract and balance incentives across sides, because actions on one side affect the others (cross-side network effects). That distinction—one group versus two or more interdependent groups—is why the statement is the best description.